Lecture, two hours; discussion, two hours. Enforced requisite: course 35 with a grade of C or better. Introduction to the art and science of measuring important constructs like student knowledge, attitude, and motivation in education contexts. Application of the three foundational concepts of reliability, validity, and fairness to critically interpret and evaluate tests and test scores, and examination of how they are used in education settings. Critical overview of the history of mental testing, traditional and modern uses of tests and assessments in K-16 education around the world, and broader perspectives on what is measured and why. Quantitative background is not required. Students learn to test the tests by applying basic statistical concepts and methods using the software package R. Letter grading.
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